EARLY CHILDHOOD:
Most people think of childhood as a fairly long period in the life span - a time when the individual is relatively helpless and dependent on others. To children, childhood often seems endless as they wait impatiently for magic time to come when society will regard them as grown ups and no longer as children. Childhood begins when the relative dependency of babyhood is over, at the age of two years, and extends to the time when the child becomes sexually mature at thirteen years for girls and fourteen for boys
. Childhood period is now divided into - early and late childhood. Early childhood extends from two to six years and late childhood from six to the time when the child becomes sexually mature.
4.5.1. Pattern of Development in Early Childhood
Growth during early childhood proceeds at a slow rate as compared with the rapid rate of growth in babyhood.
Physical development in early childhood
Height
The average annual increase in height is 3 inches. By the age of six, the average child measures 46.6 inches.
Weight The average annual increase in weight is around 2-3 kgms. At age six, children should weigh approximately 7 times as much as they did at birth.
Average girl weighs 25-30 kgms. Average Boy weighs 30-32 kgms. Body Proportions Body proportions change markedly. - “Baby look” disappears. - Facial features remain small, but chin becomes more pronounced. - Neck elongates. - Gradual decrease in stockiness of the trunk. - Body tends to become cone shaped with flattened abdomen. - Chest becomes broader and flatter. - Arms and legs strengthen. - Hands and feet grow bigger. Body Build Some children have an endomorphic or flabby, fat body build. Some have mesomorphic or sturdy muscular body build and some have endomorphic or relatively thin body build. Bones and Muscles The bones calcify at different rates in different parts of the body.
- The muscles become larger, stronger and heavier, with the result that children look thinner as early childhood progresses, even though they weigh more. Fat Endomorphy - more adipose than muscular tissue. Mesomorphy - have more muscular than adipose tissue. Ectomorphy - have both small muscles and little adipose tissu
Most people think of childhood as a fairly long period in the life span - a time when the individual is relatively helpless and dependent on others. To children, childhood often seems endless as they wait impatiently for magic time to come when society will regard them as grown ups and no longer as children. Childhood begins when the relative dependency of babyhood is over, at the age of two years, and extends to the time when the child becomes sexually mature at thirteen years for girls and fourteen for boys
. Childhood period is now divided into - early and late childhood. Early childhood extends from two to six years and late childhood from six to the time when the child becomes sexually mature.
4.5.1. Pattern of Development in Early Childhood
Growth during early childhood proceeds at a slow rate as compared with the rapid rate of growth in babyhood.
Physical development in early childhood
Height
The average annual increase in height is 3 inches. By the age of six, the average child measures 46.6 inches.
Weight The average annual increase in weight is around 2-3 kgms. At age six, children should weigh approximately 7 times as much as they did at birth.
Average girl weighs 25-30 kgms. Average Boy weighs 30-32 kgms. Body Proportions Body proportions change markedly. - “Baby look” disappears. - Facial features remain small, but chin becomes more pronounced. - Neck elongates. - Gradual decrease in stockiness of the trunk. - Body tends to become cone shaped with flattened abdomen. - Chest becomes broader and flatter. - Arms and legs strengthen. - Hands and feet grow bigger. Body Build Some children have an endomorphic or flabby, fat body build. Some have mesomorphic or sturdy muscular body build and some have endomorphic or relatively thin body build. Bones and Muscles The bones calcify at different rates in different parts of the body.
- The muscles become larger, stronger and heavier, with the result that children look thinner as early childhood progresses, even though they weigh more. Fat Endomorphy - more adipose than muscular tissue. Mesomorphy - have more muscular than adipose tissue. Ectomorphy - have both small muscles and little adipose tissu
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